語学の勉強

出典： Breaking News English Parents in the U.K. face being punished if their children are continually late for school. 英国では、子供たちが学校に遅刻ばかりしていると、その親が罰を受けることになります。 Britain's Education Secretary Michael Gove has announced he will crack down on what he terms "problem parents". 英国の教育大臣であるマイケル・ガヴは、彼が「問題親」と呼ぶものに対して断固たる措置を取ると発表しました。 crack down on … ～に断固たる措置を取る、～を厳しく取り締まる、～を厳罰に処する term A B … AをBと称する、呼ぶ、名付ける He said too many families fail to " face up to their responsibilities" by ensuring their children get to school on time, and are "ready to learn and show respect for their teacher". 彼は、我が子を時間どおりに登校させたり、教師に対する敬意を進んで学び示すようにしたりすることで親としての責任に向き合おうとしない家族が多すぎると話しました。 face up to … ～を認める、～を直視する、～に向き合う、～に立ち向かう Parents are already slapped with a £60 ($100) fine if their child is repeatedly late for school. 遅刻を繰り返す子供の親には、既に60ポンド（100ドル）の罰金が科されています。 be slapped with … （罰金などを）科される、（義務などを）課される However, 20,000 of these penalties were unpaid last year, ...

直接話法（元の文）を間接話法に変えるときは、主節の時制（一般的に過去形）に合わせて、元の文の時制をひとつ前の（ひとつ過去の）時制に変える。 You are smart. ⇒ He said you were smart. He is a teacher. ⇒ He told me he was a teacher. She is beautiful. ⇒ He told me she was beautiful. It is broken. ⇒ He told me it was broken. They are tired. ⇒ He told me they were tired. 上記のように、元の文が現在形であれば、間接話法では過去形になる。 They live in Russia. ⇒ He told me they lived in Russia. They are living in Russia. ⇒ He told me they were living in Russia. They lived in Russia. ⇒ He told me they had lived in Russia. They were living in Russia. ⇒ He told me they had been living in Russia. They will live in Russia. ⇒ He told me they would live in Russia. 元の文が過去形や現在完了形である場合は、間接話法では had＋過去分詞  を使う。 will や can などの助動詞も過去形の would や could になる。 I like ice cream. ⇒ Rebecca said that she liked ice cream. You ate dinner. ⇒ He said that you had eaten dinner. She has broken up with her boyfriend....

It has been the rainy season in Japan. We have a lot of rain almost every day. I went to the bank to check the balance of my account a little while ago. It was very windy and the rain got blown sideways . I had to put my umbrella horizontally. I got soaked. sideways … 横に、横から、横向きに I hope the rainy season will end soon. [ source ]

Before going to bed, I usually watch TV shows over a few glasses of beer, wine, or shochu (distilled liquor made from sweet potato). Sometimes I fall asleep on the sofa while watching TV, and my wife wakes me up and tells me to sleep in my bed. I know this is a bad habit. I want to break the habit . break a habit … 習慣をやめる、癖を直す [ source ]

When I was in the 3rd grade of elementary school, I broke my right arm in an accident while playing with my friends in the park. I was absent from school for about a week because, with my right arm immobilized in a cast , I had trouble taking notes and using chopsticks. immobilize … （手足などをギプスなどで）固定する cast … ギプス After a week, I went back to school, though I still had a little difficulty using my right arm. My friends looked at me as if I was a physically disabled person. I felt alienated from my friends in my child's heart of hearts . alienate … 疎遠にする、仲間外れにする feel alienated from … ～から仲間外れにされたと感じる in one's heart of hearts … 心の中で、内心は、本心では in my child's heart of hearts … 子供心に [ source ]

Yesterday, I participated in the maintenance of the yard that belongs to my daughter's kindergarten. There were about forty fathers helping out . I was assigned to cleaning the ditches around the yard. I got rid of withered leaves and mud out of the ditches. It took about one and a half hours to finish the work. help out …（人を）助ける、（仕事などを）手伝う [with ...] ditch … 用水路、排水溝 withered leaf … 枯れ葉 [ source ]

英語で複数の形容詞を使う際、その順序には決まったルールがあります。この順序を覚えることで、より自然で正確な英語表現ができるようになります。 ■ 基本的な順序（OSASCOMP） 英語の形容詞は以下の8つのカテゴリーの順序で並べます。これは英語教育で広く使われている標準的なルールです。 1. Opinion（意見・印象） 主観的な評価や感想を表す形容詞 例 : beautiful, ugly, wonderful, terrible, nice, awful, lovely, horrible 例文 : "She has a beautiful smile." 2. Size（大きさ） 物理的なサイズを表す形容詞 例 : big, small, large, tiny, huge, enormous, little, giant 例文 : "He lives in a big house." 3. Age（年齢・新旧） 年数や新しさ・古さを表す形容詞 例 : old, new, young, ancient, modern, fresh, antique 例文 : "I bought an old car." 4. Shape（形） 形状を表す形容詞 例 : round, square, oval, rectangular, triangular, flat, curved 例文 : "There's a round table in the room." 5. Color（色） 色を表す形容詞 例 : red, blue, black, white, green, yellow, purple, pink 例文 : "She wore a red dress." 6. Origin（出身・起源） どこから来たか、どこ製かを表す形容詞 例 : Japanese, American, European, Asian, Italian, French, Chinese 例文 : "I love Japanese food." 7. Mat...

My youngest daughter's kindergarten teacher visited my home yesterday. This was a part of the annual home visit. I was working at the office in my house when the teacher arrived. Therefore I just said "Hello" to her and went back to the office. My wife talked with her about how my daughter has spent her time in kindergarten. However my daughter seemed to want me to talk with her teacher. She repeatedly came to the office and told me to come to the living room. Unfortunately I was very busy with my job and I couldn't take the time to do it. [ source ]

The Disney animated movie "Frozen" is a big hit in Japan. We can hear the theme song "Let It Go" over and over on TV, in stores, and everywhere. My daughter said that she could hear the song in her mind even while she was sleeping. She is looking forward to going to see the movie with my wife sometime soon. However one of my friends said that she was fed up with hearing the song repeatedly everywhere. She seems to be uninterested in Disney's cartoons. It's a bit surprising to me that some women don't show any interest in Disney's cute characters. [ source ]

Scientists in Chile have discovered a dinosaur graveyard with more than 46 nearly complete skeletons . graveyard (n.) 墓地 skeleton (n.) 骨格 Dozens of the ichthyosaurs skeletons were uncovered in the Patagonia region after melting glaciers revealed new rock faces. ichthyosaur [ˈɪkθɪəˌsɔː] (n.) 魚竜 Patagonia [ˌpætəˈɡəʊnɪə ] (n.) パタゴニア glacier (n.) 氷河 Four different species of the dinosaur were discovered measuring about five metres long. Experts believe the creatures, whose Greek name means 'fish lizards,' swam the seas about 245 to 90 million years ago. lizard (n.) トカゲ Palaeontologists say the new discovery will reveal a new insight into how the prehistoric creatures lived and how they died. palaeontologist [ˌpælɪɒnˈtɒlədʒɪst] (n.) 古生物学者 prehistoric (adj.) 先史時代の、有史以前の It's thought the ichthyosaurs became extinct because of extreme mudslides caused by global warming, but the definitive cause is still unknown. definitive (adj.) 最終的な、決定的な、明確な