Think about the last time you were on a roller coaster. You probably remember the time, the place, who you were with — and might also feel either excited or terrified, depending on whether you love or hate roller coasters.
That's because our memories don't exist in isolation. Our brains attach a lot of context to any given memory — including any strong emotions that go along with it.
in isolation … 孤立して、単独で、個別に
go along with … ～に伴う、～に付随する
Now, neuroscientists at Massachusetts Institute of Technology have been able to actually change those emotions in lab mice, thanks to a technique that lets researchers turn individual neurons on or off using blue light.
neuron … 神経単位、神経細胞、ニューロン
Basically, they were able to make the mice change their minds about a positive or negative memory.
Let's go back to the roller coaster again: if you had a good time, you're probably more inclined to want to go back to that theme park. If the ride scared the heck out of you, you would probably rather stay away. That's what the researchers were able to overcome in the mice.
(be) inclined to … ～する傾向がある、～したいと思う
scare the heck out of = scare the hell out of … ～をものすごく怖がらせる、震え上がらせる
You can read the details on MIT's website, but the team found by making a mouse relive a bad memory while something good was going on, the bad memory lost its sting. The process worked in the other way, too.
relive … 追体験する、再び体験する、思い起こす
sting … 苦痛、苦悩
This isn't a technique we can run out and start performing on humans. The mice had to have their brains genetically altered and had fiber optics cable implanted inside their skulls.
But the new study helps shed light on how memory works, and maybe points the way toward new treatments for disorders like PTSD way down the line.
way down the line … 将来的には
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